来源:互联网
小编:Hosea 87一般来说,一篇雅思作文如果不出现太多明显的语法错误,就可以保证得5分。
但是在雅思写作过程中,很多学生认为高级词汇的叠加等于高分,其实这是一个误区。因为考官只在乎考生是否结构清晰,条理分明,而不在乎考生能否罗列一堆复杂的近义词。
如果出现大量的语法错误或者大量使用不当的单词,那么就会在很大程度上影响考官对文章内容的理解,分数也会因此而不理想。那么,我们经常忽视掉了哪些语法错误?
一、句子不完整-简单句是最基本的句式
a.一个简单句有两个基本成分:主语和谓语,两者缺一不可。
例1:Watch TV is harmful to children's eyesight.
动词原型不能充当主语,所以这句话的错误在于主语形式不对,主语中包含动作时,将动词替换成动词不定式或者动名词。
正确:Watching TV is harmful to children's eyesight.
例2:internet has instead of teachers in many classrooms.
(错误。这句话并没有谓语动词,instead of是介词,不能作谓语。)
正确Internet has replaced teachers in many classrooms.
b.如果在简单句中插入从句,首先要保证从句的完整性。
例:Those who abroad have broader horizons and available personal resources.
(错误。从句中的abroad是个形容词,前面缺一个系动词。)
正确Those who have been abroad have broader horizons and available personal resources.
c.介词后面一定要加名词,代词,动名词或者从句作宾语。
例:We should be aware of the importance of protect the environment.
(错误。of是介词,后面要加doing。)
二、句子成分多余
a.一个简单句通常只有一个主语,如果主语超过一个,要使用连词构成并列主语。
例:Working at home, using modern technology can greatly enhance our efficiency.
正确:Working at home and using modern technology can greatly enhance our efficiency.(主语是两件事,用and连接)
b.如果一个句子没有并列连词或从句引导词的前提下,只能有一个谓语。
例:Some people think the Internet only has positive impact, other people think it also has negative influence on our lives.
两个分句在没有连接词的情况下出现了并列的谓语动词,因此需要并列连词while(表示对比)放在other people之前起连接作用。
除了用加连词这种方法之外,还可以用标点符号分割,比如用句号或者分号。句号和分号在语法上有连词的功能,其前后要有完整的句子;而逗号、括号则不能够连接完整的句子。
例:Education has been made available to more people nowadays, however, many adults have some problems with literacy and numeracy.
(错误。however是个副词,不是连词,其前后都是完整的句子,因此不能用逗号连接。)
正确:Education has been made available to more people nowadays; however, many adults have some problems with literacy and numeracy.
三、主谓一致
a.动名词和不定式作主语的时候谓语动词用单数。
Growing up in a poor family makes some children feel they are not as capable as other children.
b.主语从句后的谓语动词用单数。
How we can cope with massive technological change in the 21st century is an interesting issue.
四、词性区分不清-形容词和副词
副词可以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和整个句子;形容词只可以用来修饰名词和代词。
例:Well-educated people can settle conflicts easier.
Easier是形容词easy的比较级形式,根据句子,容易应该修饰动作解决settle,因此easier应该改成more easily.
以上是在教学过程中总结的错误频率最高的几个语法问题,希望在今后的写作练习过程中,学生们可以注意并改正。