之前，我们已经充分了解了语法这一基础学科在雅思考试中不可或缺的地位。在雅思阅读当中语法可以帮助我们攻克长难句结构，从而理清逻辑关系；雅思写作中更是尤为重要，只有学好语法才能写出结构正确或相对复杂的句式，从而清晰表述相应观点。要顺利达到这一目标，就必须清楚地了解句子中的各个成分。

　　英语句子的构成成分共分为9种，分别是：主语、谓语、宾语、补语、表语、定语、状语、同位语和插入语。

　　1.主语：是全句述说的主体对象，一般位于句首，除了在there be 结构、疑问句和倒装句中。

　　Time and tide wait for no man.

　　We live and learn.

　　The young and the old do not have the same idea about physical exercises.

　　Reading makes a full man.

　　To master a foreign language is necessary.

　　在雅思考试中常做主语的有名词、代词、主语从句、V-ing 、To do五种。

　　2.谓语：说明主语的情况，由动词组成。

　　表状态用系动词：

　　As I see it, movie stars' earning a high salary is unfair and unjustified.

　　表动作用及物或不及物动词：

　　The Internet has revolutionized people's way of life.

　　Taste differs.

　　表拥有：人或物时用have/ has；无生命的东西there be

　　People have different views on this question.

　　There is no absolute agreement on this question.

　　情态动词＋动词原形：

　　In this way, teachers can never be replaced by computers.

　　3.宾语：表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词或不及物动词

　　International tourism promotes the economic development.

　　Some people hold that air travel should be restricted.

　　The advanced medical technology has made it possible for people to live longer than ever possible before.

　　Nobody can avoid being influenced by media.

　　Some people want to work for a big company while others choose to work for a small one.

　　在雅思考试中常做宾语的有名词、宾语从句、复合结构、V-ing 、To do五种。

　　4.补语：补充说明主语或宾语的性质和状态。

　　Many youngsters may consider violence on TV reasonable.

　　Parental love and care can keep juvenile crimes low.

　　5.表语：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态或特征。

　　Love is blind.

　　Good health is wealth.

　　The master of your life is yourself.

　　I am under the weather.

　　Old people are usually experienced.

　　The aim of telework is saving costs and reducing workload.

　　The most effective solution is to enhance the public awareness of the rubbish problem.

　　以上是英语中构成句子的基本成分，接下来还有四种修饰成分，分别为：定语，状语，同位语和插入语。

　　6.定语：修饰名词或代词的成分，可分为前置定语和后置定语。

　　Amy is a lovely girl.

　　Poor computer skills hinder children' s development.

　　This could change our lives.

　　Our office is on the 12th floor.

　　They are going to send a trade delegation to China.

　　There is a door leading to the street.

　　That is the boy who stole my E-bike.

　　7.状语：可以修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。表示程度、伴随、时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。

　　Daisy welcomed us warmly.

　　We were greatly moved to hear the hero's story.

　　Not knowing when to go, he decided to ask the teacher for advice.

　　To begin with, John is too young for that kind of job.

　　8.同位语：用来补充说明另一个名词（短语）或代词的具体内容或情况。

　　We should make full use of today, the hope of tomorrow.

　　People, old and young, came out to greet the distinguished guests.

　　We two like the saying: money talks.

　　9.插入语：对一句话的附加说明，常用逗号或破折号与其他成分隔开。分析阅读长难句时，把插入语的成分先忽略有助于理清句子的逻辑关系。

　　True, it would be too bad.

　　To be frank, I don't quite agree with you.

　　Judging by his clothes, he may be an artist.

　　That, in my opinion, is only one of the minor issues.